Influenza A virus entry
Influenza A viruses (IAV) represent a major human health burden and are therefore the subject of intense research. Of particular interest is the entry of IAV into host cells, as early stages of infection are the ideal target for intervention strategies. In this article, we review recent key findings in the field of IAV entry. Specifically, we discuss the identification of novel entry receptors, the emerging role of viral neuraminidase in entry, as well as recent advances in structural studies on viral hemagglutinin during the fusion process and the viral matrix protein involved in viral envelope loss. We also highlight remaining gaps in our understanding of IAV entry and point out important issues for ongoing research.
The best way to prevent the flu is through annual vaccination. Each flu vaccine protects against three or four different flu viruses within that year’s flu season.
Other ways to prevent getting the flu include:
How long is it contagious?
If you have the flu, you are contagious from at least one day before you start experiencing symptoms until five days after the onset of symptoms.
In more severe cases, you may be contagious even longer after you start experiencing symptoms. This number can fluctuate if your immune system is weak or underdeveloped, especially in children or older adults.